To understand where the High Performance Computing (HPC) paradigm is headed,
it is useful to understand its history. High performance in computing comes
from parallelism and faster and denser circuitry. Seymour Cray was a pioneer
in this field and introduced the first production supercomputers in the 1960s
(CDC 6600) and 1970s (Cray 1). Cray Research established the modern-day
supercomputer architecture through multiprocessor (XMP) architecture and the
vector processor. Other computer manufacturers adopted this architecture in
the early 1980s.
It became evident with the advent of the modern microprocessor that clusters
of microprocessors would challenge the dominance of vector supercomputers. In
the second half of the 1980s, Encore and Sequent were building shared-memory
systems that created a shared bus so that any of the microprocessors could
access all of the me... (more)